Cloning Essay examples -- Essays Papers

Cloning For hundreds of years man has wondered what it would be like to clone human beings. With the idea of cloning comes many different opinions and positions. The idea of creating an army of crack humans has long been a dream of many people. Others have feared what would happen to the world if cloning were possible and if cloning is morally correct. Overall, religion and ethics mutation a vital role in the both of these viewpoints and greatly effect many positions on the topic of cloning. In February of 1997 Dr. Ian Wilmut, a 52-year-old embryologist at the Roslin Institute in dinburgh announced the cloning of a lamb named Dolly 1. He had replaced the genetic material of sheeps egg with the DNA from an adult sheep. The findings of Dr. Wilmut immediately created many new moot questions. None were as controversial as Will they apply this to humans as well? According to Dr. Wilmut, the answer was there is no reason in principle why you couldnt d o it(clone humans), but he added, All of us would find that offensive.2 From the viewpoint of those in favor of cloning human beings do not see it as morally, or ethically wrong. Many see it as an opportunity to have churlren, or possibly to re-create a child who is dying from a terminal illness. Many infertile couples are worried that they would never have the chance to someday have children through new engineering science that would be brought about through cloning. Others believe that it is an invasion of personal freedoms because the government may try to dictate what a person can do to their body. Anita Manning, a writer for USA TODAY revealed another argument in favor ... ...n, Daniel. A Step Too Far. 23. 3 Manning, Anita. Pressing a Right to Clone Humans. p1D. 4 Glassman, James. Should we Fear Dolly? minute A p17. 5 Anyonomous. World Wide Clinton Proposed Sec A p1. Works Cited- Anonymous, Trials and Tri umphs in the History of Cloning, Successful Farming 97 (1999) S28 - S30. - Anonymous. World Wide Clinton Proposed Wall Street Journal 10 Jun 1997 Sec A p1. - Callahan, Daniel. A Step Too Far, New York Times 26 Feb 1997 Sec A, p23. - Chase, Chevy. Dealing with Dolly Inside the National Bioethics Advisory Commission, Health Affairs 17 (1998) 264 - 267. - Glassman, James K. Should we Fear Dolly? The Washington Post. 25 Feb 1997 Sec A p17. - Manning, Anita. Pressing a Right to Clone Humans. USA Today. 6 Mar 1997 p01 D.

Richard Cory, by Edwin Arlington Robinson :: Poetry Analysis

Paraphrase A man named Richard Cory appe ard to have it each looks, a suave persona and a respectable social status. These qualities were prize and admired by the townspeople, even envied to a small degree. Despite his apparent perfect life, Richard Cory shot and killed himself.Purpose The purpose of this metrical composition is to show that people are not always who they appear to be. Moreover, the people that seem to have it all may still be emotionally unstable and act irrationally much(prenominal) as committing suicide.Structure There are 4 stanzas, each serves to reveal a different piece of information (1st stanza towns consensus about Richard Cory, second stanza personality, 3rd stanza social status, 4th status the abrupt, unforeseen ending of his life).Speaker There is one speaker and the POV is third person. Shift The shift in this poem occurs at the second to last line. Before this, the poem revolves around the, what seems to be, ideal life of Richard Cory. But at this l ine the poem ends abruptly with an unexpected suicide, express as an understatement.Syntax/Grammar/Diction There is repetition of always in relation to how the townspeople describe him. This means that Richard Corys public appearances were routine and invariable maybe even a false facade. The use of the colon to connect two full sentences serves to associate ideas. The diction of imperially slim (4), glittered (8), fluttered (7) and admirably schooled (11) all indicate Richard Corys apparent superiority over the rest of the townspeople.Tone The tone before the shift is admiring with a small hint of envy. The tone later on the shift is rather indifferent, there is no diction indicating remorse or any other emotion over his death.

George MacDonalds The Princess and the Goblin :: MacDonald Princess Goblin Essays

George MacDonalds The Princess and the Goblin The moon has been worshipped as a female deity since the parentage of time. Not only is the moon a feminine principle, it is also a symbol of geological fault due to its own monthly cycle of change. With this in mind, it is exempt upon a close reading of The Princess and the Goblin by George MacDonald that the grandmother figure is a personification of the moon, and as such is a catalyzing agent for Irenes maturation and transformation through the course of the novel. Taking this a step further, the elder Irene contains the threefold aspect of the Moon Goddess. She is Artemis, Selene, and Hecate the crescent moon, the full moon, and the relentless moon maiden, mother, and cr single (Rush, 149). out-of-pocket to the three-fold nature of the grandmother, one can break this story into three parts. It begins with Hecate the Dark Moon and crone, moves to Artemis the crescent moon and maiden, and ends with Selene the full moon and the mothe r. After interacting with severally of these aspects, Irene undergoes a significant transformation which ultimately leads her to the next aspect. This tripartite structure is prevalent in folklore.Irene encounters Hecate the Dark Moon in her first two visits to her grandmother. This realise of the grandmother is reinforced in two ways in Irenes encounter with her. First, her physical description matches the dark aspect, she was dressed in black velvet with quilted white heavy-looking lace about it and on the black dress her hair shone like silver(MacDonald, 13). Silver is the metal associated with the moon (Jobes 119). In addition, as Hecate is one of the caretakers of children (Stapleton, 89) and in the second scene with the grandmother, while she is still Hecate, she heals Irenes injured thumb. However, there is a much more subtle way in which the grandmother is create as being Hecate. Since Hecate is the moon before, she has risen and after she has set, (Jobes 1120) then the dark aspect of the grandmother in her first two scenes demonstrates that Irene is still in the dark period before her major transformation, before being brought into full illumination.Despite being within the dark aspect, Irene still benefits from her first encounter with her grandmother and gum olibanum undergoes a small change. Due to meeting her grandmother, Irene realizes that sometimes it is wise to keep her own counsel.

Formalistic Reading of Sens New York Times :: Sudeep Sen

Sudeep Sens New York Times basically deals with a knock-down(prenominal) sense of lifespan in New York. This poem consists of thirty tasks altogether in six stanzas, depicting a clear description of ones every day life at a fast pace in the first four stanzas and gradually mellows down to a slower motion, where observation manages to take place. From the first objurgate itself, Every morning in relentless hurry, I scurry/ there is the sense of hurriedness and swiftness as if I is in a betray race. Scurry is normally associated with rats, always scamper and in a rush all the succession. Readers have a dramatic figure of the fast events that are mishap to the soulfulnessa. This kindle be witnessed through the spilled coffee indicating the lack of conviction to even stop for a sip of drink or breakfast. In New York, time does not stand still. Since every moment passes in a fast manner, the epitome doesnt even realise its lunch time, and then,/ evening, late, / being herded theme mechanically as if he has lost control of his own life. Besides the dictions chosen, Sen uses less punctuation in each line of the first four stanzas to spiel the quickness and the rapidity of the persona in the midst of New York City. Sen also utilises the idea of illusion in his dictions to indicate the focal ratio of the mass in this city. This can be seen in line 17, where walking means/ running, driving means speeding,/ and since time passes in a wink of an eye, persona couldnt even recall the days in the weekend as Sen states in line 14 17, In this city, I/ count the passage of time only by weekends/ cogitate by five-day flashes I dont/ even remember. Everybody seems to be speeding in the subway of mute faces/. Being crabby in the city, has transformed people to be so automated, mechanical person with their mute faces, no one cares to say hi to each other or even to smile to the person sitting next to you.However, in the last line of the fourth st anza, But somewhere, somehow, times takes its toll,/ is seen as the turning point in this poem. This sentence is depicting the reprehension as if the persona stops to think for a moment.Formalistic Reading of Sens New York Times Sudeep Sen Sudeep Sens New York Times basically deals with a strong sense of life in New York. This poem consists of thirty lines altogether in six stanzas, depicting a clear description of ones every day life at a fast pace in the first four stanzas and gradually mellows down to a slower motion, where reflection manages to take place. From the first sentence itself, Every morning in relentless hurry, I scurry/ there is the sense of hurriedness and swiftness as if I is in a rat race. Scurry is normally associated with rats, always scamper and in a rush all the time. Readers have a dramatic image of the fast events that are happening to the persona. This can be witnessed through the spilled coffee indicating the lack of time to even stop fo r a sip of drink or breakfast. In New York, time does not stand still. Since every moment passes in a fast manner, the persona doesnt even realise its lunch time, and then,/ evening, late,/ being herded home mechanically as if he has lost control of his own life. Besides the dictions chosen, Sen uses less punctuation in each line of the first four stanzas to represent the quickness and the rapidity of the persona in the midst of New York City. Sen also utilises the idea of illusion in his dictions to indicate the speed of the people in this city. This can be seen in line 17, where walking means/ running, driving means speeding,/ and since time passes in a wink of an eye, persona couldnt even remember the days in the weekend as Sen states in line 14 17, In this city, I/ count the passage of time only by weekends/ linked by five-day flashes I dont/ even remember. Everybody seems to be speeding in the subway of mute faces/. Being busy in the city, has transformed people to be so auto mated, mechanical person with their mute faces, no one cares to say hi to each other or even to smile to the person sitting next to you.However, in the last line of the fourth stanza, But somewhere, somehow, times takes its toll,/ is seen as the turning point in this poem. This sentence is depicting the reflection as if the persona stops to think for a moment.

Adolph Coors :: Biography Biographies

Adolph CoorsMy Personal Interest The Rise and Fall (Literally) of Adolph CoorsAfter already sharing my thoughts of my family, and myself, I felt as though neither of my favorite private interests would accomplish the task at hand. It was Saturday afternoon, and I still didnt have a good personal interest topic to write ab come on. I started mind-mapping, piece of writing every topic I could think of, including The Real Civil War Mental Instability Possession or Illness Finding the Perfect plateful Mortgage and All and even The lightning Capital Why Here? Then I realize I must dismantle the subject, so as to scoff it on only 3 or 4 pages. The project is becoming a lot tougher than I anticipated I start scratching out ideas. A half hour later, I have a page with many scribbles, no topics, confusion, and thirst. I walk swiftly and irritably, to the refrigerator, open the door, and grab a cold, wet, Coors Light, tall can. I found my personal interest topic. There in my h and, I was holding history The Rise and Fall, Literally, of Adolph Coors.I try to imagine the thoughts of Adolph Coors as he was plunging 6 stories to his death. How or why would he have fallen from a beautiful Virginia Beach hotel-room? In the past 9 years, the prohibition of 1920 had make life more difficult, but could Adolphs desires and ambition end this way? Throughout his entire life he showed nothing less than a affectionate driving force in everything he attempted and accomplished. On February 4, 1847, Adolph was born in Barmen, Prussia. His parents passed away only 15 years later. Finding necessity for a quick occupation, Adolph started an apprenticeship at the Henry Wenker Brewery. The ambitious young man paid for his apprenticeship by working at the brewery as a bookkeeper.He completed his apprenticeship in a short three years, 1 year less than expected. This would be young Adolphs first of many overachievements. After finishing his lessons, he worked at three other breweries in the area until 1868, when avoiding a military draft seemed necessary. He then left for the bright stars and stripes of America. Stowing away, he set down at Port Baltimore, Maryland. For the next 5 years, Adolph worked in several industries, ranging from gardening to his first love, brewing.

Adolph Coors :: Biography Biographies

Adolph CoorsMy Personal Interest The Rise and Fall (Literally) of Adolph CoorsAfter already sharing my thoughts of my family, and myself, I felt as though incomplete of my favorite personal interests would accomplish the task at hand. It was Saturday afternoon, and I still didnt have a good personal interest topic to redeem about. I doughed mind-mapping, writing every topic I could think of, including The Real Civil War Mental Instability Possession or Illness conclusion the Perfect Home Mortgage and All and even The lightning Capital Why Here? Then I realize I must dismantle the subject, so as to fit it on only 3 or 4 pages. The project is becoming a lot tougher than I anticipated I start scratching out ideas. A half hour later, I have a page with many scribbles, no topics, confusion, and thirst. I walk swiftly and irritably, to the refrigerator, cleared the door, and grab a cold, wet, Coors Light, tall can. I found my personal interest topic. There in my hand, I w as holding history The Rise and Fall, Literally, of Adolph Coors.I puree to imagine the thoughts of Adolph Coors as he was plunging 6 stories to his death. How or why would he have fallen from a beautiful Virginia Beach hotel-room? In the past 9 years, the prohibition of 1920 had made life more difficult, but could Adolphs desires and ambition end this way? Throughout his entire life he showed nothing slight than a strong driving force in everything he attempted and accomplished. On February 4, 1847, Adolph was born in Barmen, Prussia. His parents passed away only 15 years later. purpose necessity for a quick occupation, Adolph started an apprenticeship at the Henry Wenker Brewery. The ambitious young man paid for his apprenticeship by working at the brewery as a bookkeeper.He completed his apprenticeship in a short three years, 1 year less than expected. This would be young Adolphs first of many overachievements. After finis his lessons, he worked at three other brewe ries in the area until 1868, when avoiding a military draft seemed necessary. He then left for the bright stars and stripes of America. stowing away, he landed at Port Baltimore, Maryland. For the next 5 years, Adolph worked in several industries, ranging from gardening to his first love, brewing.

Ten Minute Time Sample Observation

Ten minute childs observation Observer virtuallyone Aim To do a ten minute time sample observation of a child engaged in a play activity. Date of observation 29 11 2011 Observation started 9. 55 Observation completed 10. 05 Childs Initials AWDate of Birth or Age 4 years 5 months Legend Child observed = AWOther young lady = ESG = small group P= pair of childrenSOL = alone Evaluation During the observation I did, AW was engaged in play all the time. She was playing with other children some of time. She is confidently interacting with other children while playing.She speaks clearly, in simple sentences. Asks simple questions. In ten minutes time she used even five areas in the greenhouse so shes very confident in there. Also, she doesnt like staying in one area for a long time and she engages in creative play. Interested in shapes while in gluing activity. From this observation, I can tell that she has a good social skills, but, also, that she likes to dominate and tell other chi ldren what to do. Plays very salubrious with E, likes to spend time with her, but sometimes doesnt want to take turns. Time Setting LanguageSocial group Comments 9. 55 In a construction area, going to play hide and seek. AW E see if you can gamble me. E AW Im sure I will P AW is going to find some place where to hide, E is not looking. 9. 56 In construction area hiding under the table. None SOL AW is hiding and E is trying to find her looking in all the nursery areas. 9. 57 In house corner AW is hiding in the wardrobe None SOL AW has changed area, E didnt notice her. Finally E finds AW in the wardrobe. AW is very happy. 9. 58 Music area AW E can you please turn the music o? E AW sure, I can P AW is in music corner together with E again. She has a suitcase full of things. She found a remote suss out and gave it to E. 9. 59 Music area Whispering to each other P AW and E are hiding behind the armchair and laughing silently. 10. 00 New experiences area AW I want to be a dog I w ant to be a dog SG AW, E and to other girls are playing in parvenu experiences area. AW finds a dog bed and shes pretending that she is a dog lying in dogs bed. 10. 01 New experiences area E AW let me be a dog now? AW no, I am a dog SGAW doesnt allow E to be a dog, because she wants to be a dog and she is still lying in a dogs bed. 10. 02 New experiences None SG AW is still in a bed, pretending sleeping. 10. 03 New experiences AW sssh, I am sleeping SG AW is telling other girls to be quite, because she is sleeping. Other girls are quite now. 10. 04 Gluing area None SG AW is taking some card boxes from the shelf, measuring them and comparability shapes. 10. 05 Gluing area None SG AW took some boxes from the shelf and she put some glue on it. Later she took decorations from the box and started to decorate her art. She plays silently

Costco Ethics Essay

Costco wholesale follows a very strict code of ethics, which are strongly enforced with their complaisance architectural plan. Costcos ultimate mission is to provide their members with quality goods and services at the lowest price possible. In order for Costco to achieve their mission, they must(prenominal) abide by their simple code of ethics which consist of, obeying the law, taking care of their members, taking care of their employees, and respecting their suppliers. Upon success of these four codes, they obtain the ability to refund their shareholders, which is their ultimate goal.In order for Costco to implement their code of ethics, they must follow an austere compliance program. Costco must first appoint or retain a Chief Compliance Officer who directly reports to the Nominating and system Committee of Costcos Board of directors. The Nominating and Governance Committee is made up of several independent directors whom have the responsibility to develop ideas, and give r ecommendations to the board corporate governance guidelines.In order for the Chief Compliance Officer to understand the whole process, and compliance program itself, he or she must retain their position for at least trey years. Within these three years, he or she must report to the Governance Committee at least twice a year in regards to compliances issues, and the relay of information between the financial reporting department and the financial readying department. Also the Chief Compliance Officer must report to the independent accounting firm or law firm at least once a year.The Chief Compliance Officers initial duty is to coordinate and oversee the following areas to improve Costcos already set compliance program, revising the Code of Ethics to make it easily understood for their employees, spreading the compliance and ethical standards to officers and employees, improving the employee training program, to look for and address unethical behavior, enhancing the talk blower pr ogram for anonymous accusations, to check on senior executives to ensure their participation in the ethics and compliance program, and lastly to ultimately oversee sexual investigations involving financial fraud.To guarantee that information is properly shared between the internal departments responsible for Costcos equity compensation program there is written procedures to be followed. The departments that are mainly responsible for following this procedure are the financial reporting department, and the financial planning department. These departments are mandated to meet for at least three years for quarterly meetings attended with the Chief Compliance Officer, the Chief Financial Officer, the Controller and the supervisors of both departments.

History Test Questions Essay

Manzanar in CA bolshy of $ & property 100th throng Purple Heart Battalion 442nd Regimental Combat Team fought in Italy, France, Germany Most decorated combat unit in US history for coincidence of length of service Buddha Heads Most japanese-the Statesns served as soldiers in atomic number 63 while interpreters and such went to the peaceful obvious racism/discrimination Minority group most(prenominal) adversely affected by Washington DCs state of contendtime policies was Nipponese-Americans internment costs effects camps prejudice military service Nisei born in the States, so citizens The general attitude toward WWII was less idealistic & ideological & more(prenominal) practical than the outlook in WWI (This is according to the textbook What would Zinn say in Ch 16? ) In the period of 1885 to 1924, the Japanese immigrants who came to the USA were a select group (representing Japan abroad, so Japan cared who was sent) who was/were better prepared & educate d than most atomic number 63an immigrants (so they were spunk class & usually had $)Ex. Japan felt represented wanted to avoid Chinese bachelors of 19th century so picture brides When the USA entered WWII in declination (7th attack at Pearl, war declared on 8th), 1941, a majority of Americans had no clear idea of what the war was about * WWI had campaigned (but many people didnt know in WWI either Ex.Sergeant York & Gallipoli) During WWII, the US govt commissioned the end product of synthetic rubber in order to offset the loss of glide path to prewar supplies in E. Asia (ex. French Indochina/Vietnam, Cambodia, & Loas) Wartime agencies & functions War Production Board assign priorities w/respect to use of raw materials & transportation facilities Office of Price regime controlled inflation by circumscribe essential goodsWar Labor Board imposed ceilings (maximums) on wage increases F personal credit line meshing Practices Commission (FEPC) saw to it that no hiring disc rimination practices were used against Af-Ams seeking employment in war industries * A Philip Randolph 1941 threatened to march on Wash DC to demand compare in hiring FDR feared march so made a deal to announce Executive Order 8802 for Af-Ams fair employment in wartime industries Randoplh was leader of spousal relationship of Sleeping Car Porters union (mostly Af-Ams but some whites likewise began in 1920s) While most US cropers were strongly committed to the war effort, wartime production was disrupted by strikes led by the united Mine Workers (Why? Exploitation w/unequal distribution of wartime net profit. ) * Coal mining is almost as unfit as war in fact they die more than any different industrial workers, both back then and today only beef ishing is truly more hazardous by proportion although they are very much safer today During WWII labor unions substantially increased their membership There were some strikes Ex. United Mine Workers unfair distribution of wartime profits * Bracero Program p. 833 Mexicans work in agriculture & some industries (later deported in the offensive function Wetback) Ironic after 1930s treatment in CA for example Okies for Mexicans, etc Smith-Connally Anti-Strike Act June 1943 federal govt could seize industries if strikes occurred Ex.Coal mines and RRs briefly p. 832 Employment of more than 6 million women in America (3 million had never worked for wages ahead) industry during WWII led to the establishment of day-care centers by govt (*Rosie vs. Wendy) Usually single women or w/husband in the war were the ones working in defense plants/war industries * Not equal indemnify for equal work in almost all cases although some women earned as good or better currency if they were outstanding some were indeed Ex. P. 33 WOW poster * My recruiting posters & WWII aircraft pictures * Not heavy(p)er % of women working in USA than in Europe Ex. Britain & USSR in war industries * Increase in employment in war industries for Af-Ams (both men & women) * Migrations from South as Af-Ams circulate while to the South came war industries and military bases Why? Cheap wages & very few unions * Not a strong desire for most women to work for wages (especially in defense industries, etc) *** p. 833 WAACs, WAVES, SPARS, (WASPs) GI Goernment Issue * USCG & Merchant Marine Main reason majority of women workers left labor force at end of WWII was family obligation Af-Ams did all of following during WWII rally behind slogan of Double V (victory over Axis & racism at home), stemma upon north & west in large migrations (seeking work often in war industries) (move to cities urban begins to mean b lose) (ghettos created not like Jewish ghettos in Poland, etc) (de facto vs. de jure/Jim Crow segregation & discrimination Ex.Race riots in Detroit in 1943 later race riots in north in 1960s excessively), form a warring organization called the Congress of Racial Equality (CORE 1942 & increase in NA ACP membership), serve (in US military) in (US) Army Air Corps (Tuskegee Airmen 332nd/99th w/impeccable enrol no misfireers befogged on their escorts Benjamin O. Davis sr. & Benjamin O. Davis jr. West Point grads endured silent treatment from whites Davis sr. is first Af-Am general in US history Davis jr. was in command of 99th squadron see picture on . 835), What about fighting in integrated combat units?Not until Korea (w/ ejection of a few experiments) Which is least related to the other three? A Philip Randolph (Bro of Sleep Car Porters threat to march on Wash DC in 1941 led to Executive Order 8802 in 1963, helped organize march to Wash DC for MLK jrs I Have a Dream speech. Fair Employment Practices Commission (FEPC to protect Af-Ams to be hired and treated fairly in war industries), racial discrimination in wartime industry (still even w/FEPC there was discrimination but better than w/out it), proposed negro March on Washington, What about the Smith-Connally (An ti- Strike) Act (1943)?On pp. 834-836 Migration interpret on p. 834 * like production in South hurt Af-Am laborers, tenant, and sharecropping farmers (whites too who did this many) w/ introduction of mechanization so migration p. 836 * Native Americans 25,000 serve Ex. Comanche in Europe & Navajo in Pacific code talkers p. 836 *** LA, CA summer 1943 Zoot Suit Riots Pachucos vs. Servicemen violence retaliation gangs blame reactions tensions Victory Suits race riots p. 836-837 ** Race riot in Detroit, MI in 1943 fatalities pp. 36-837 loose govt intervention received its greatest boost from WWII (not the New Deal) During WWII, most Ams economically experienced prosperity & a doubling of own(prenominal) income p. 837 national Gross theme Product (all goods and services produced in USA) in 1940 was $100 meg GNP grew to $200 billion in 1945 corporate profits rose from $6 billion in 1940 to $12 billion by 1944 Henry Stimson ( dry of War) if you are going to try to go to war in a capitalist sylvan, you have to let business make money out of the process, or business wont work. p. 837 * disposable income after war-time taxes more than bivalent (but there was inflation too) * post-war consumerism w/sur positivist income to purchase in post-war US economy Ex increase 33% in post war prices b/c of high wages & consumer demand * Office of Scientific Research and Development p. 37 developed weapons, including atomic (nuclear) bombs *** warfare-welfare state b/t 1941-1945 * rationing total war effort bond drives kids had Al drives for example, etc Ex of poster When you ride ALONE, you ride with Hitler Black Market Chart for Rise in National Debt rise b/c of WWII and after war it spiked higher than during war p. 837 On p. 38 Cost of war in $ was for USA $330 billion 10 times more than WWI more $ than all federal spending since 1776 income tax 4 times as many people than ahead war some people taxed as high as 90% of income ta xes provided for 2/5ths of war cost rest is borrowed from US public liberty Loans Bond Drives others loaned $ too like individuals who were rich tycoons & moguls and/or with corporations & banks 1941 National Debt was $49 billion grew to $259 billion in 1945 war cost $10 million per hour at peak of war plus decline, sweat, & tears tremendous loss of life Ex.USSR lost more than any other country Northward migration of Af-Ams speed up after WWII b/c mechanical cotton pickers ( machines) were in use p. 836 During WWII, American Indians moved off of reservations in large numbers (25,000 served in military) p. 836 By the end of WWII, the heart of USAs Af-Am communities had shifted to northern cities pp. 834-835 * p. 836 The speed and scale of these changes jolted the migrants and sometimes the communities that received them. * Racism, de facto segregation vs. de jure (Jim Crow) segregation Migartion map on p. 834 National debt increased most during World War II (and po st-WWII to present) p. 838 Most $ raised to finance WWII came with borrowing (individuals, corporations bonds for middle class & working class people) (*Liberty/Victory Loans bond sales hugely promoted) p. 38 First naval battle in history in which all of the fighting was done by (aircraft) carrier-based aircraft was the Battle of the Coral Sea (May 1942 near NE Australia Tie to stop Japanese threat/invasion of the Land Down Under USA lost one carrier USS Lexington USS Yorktown carrier badly damaged but back in action at Midway where she was finally sunk by a Japanese hoagy after extensive damage from aircraft that left her a burning wreck) * Midway 2nd such battle b/t carrier fleets so far apart they never see each other June 3rd-6th, 1942 the turning point of the Pacific war p. 839 The tide of Japanese triumph in the Pacific was turned following the Battle of Midway (June 3rd-6th, 1942) * Details our 3 carriers to their 4 we sank all four and lost only one planes mass plans codes drama Spruance, Nimitz, etc plus Aleutian Islands (of Alaska) attacked just before Midway was diversion, which was fairly useful cold, brutal fighting over frozen, barren islands, but were US grease like Hawaii pp. 39-841 Japanese made a crucial mistake in 1942 in their attempt to control much of the Pacific when they over lengthened themselves instead of digging in & consolidating their gains p. 839 Japanese victories in Pacific up through first 6 months extended down to Dutch East Indies (for oil), southeastern United States Asia (for rubber), including Burma and Thailand into parts of chinaware, the Philippines, the Marianas such as Guam, the Gilbets, the Marshalls, the Solomons, the Aleutians, Korea and Manchuria, Okinawa, Iwo Jima, etc- They held it for about 6 months after Pearl Harbor before confederate advances began.In waging war against Japan, the USA relied primarily on a dodging of (leapfrogging and) island-hopping across the South (an d Central) Pacific while by-passing Japanese strongholds (whenever possible but not always Ex. Philippines & Pelelieu & Aleutians) MacArthur/US Army & Halsey in South USMC & Nimitz/Spruance in Central Pacific All strategies considered & implemented in some fashion heavy bombing from Chinese air bases, invading SE Asia & Burma, fortifying China transporting supplies from India over the Hump of the Himalayas, & turning Japanese flanks in New Guinea (MacArthur) & Alaska (Aleutians) * All were done but priority was put on USN, US Army, USMC, USAAC (USAF), & USCG in two prong drive across south & central Pacific with Adm.Nimitz calling the shots Conquest of Guam (Marianas Tinian & Saipan too) in 1944 was especially critical, b/c from there (the Marianas) the USA could dispense round-trip bombing raids (B-29s) on Japanese home islands But a repelling volcanic sulfur-smelling small island with large 500 foot hill on its southwestern corner on it called Iwo Jima was in the way cou ld notify Japan that bombers were coming plus many damaged bombers needed the life-sustaining air deprive on the island for emergency landings so in Feb of 1945, USMC began its biggest, most-distinguished battle lasting 36 days in Hell before the island was completely secure giving us two flag raisings on Mt. Suribachi the 2nd becoming perhaps the most famous photograph in the entire world Semper Fi, Do or Die, Gung Ho Allies won Battle of Atlantic by escorting convoys of merchants (and military) vessels (not using convoy system initially) Ex. Carrier & other Task Forces, dropping depth charges from destroyers, bombing submarine (U-boat) bases (Ex. located in France), deploying new technology of RADAR At wars end, U-boat crews are in a very deadly carve up of voluntarily service & still got volunteers up until the end 4 out of 5 U-boaters die by late 1944 Adm Downitz asked for more before war didnt get them, used convoy system w/ destroyer escorts depth charges RADAR (B-24s & B-25s, other planes as sub hunters) SONAR Enigma code machine & codes (read Japanese codes in Pacific too) US subs sink lots of ships (especially in Pacific), But what about organizing wolf packs (which are German U-boats) to chase down German U-boats (submarines)? *** Battle of the Atlantic Most important battle in Western EuropeUntil Spring 1943, perhaps Hitlers greatest opportunities of defeating Britain & winning the war was the German U-boat would destroy Allied shipping (which it was faster than ships could be built former(a) in war) Hitlers advance in the European theater of war crested in late 1942 at the Battle of Stalingrad, after which, his fortunes gradually declined * Leningrad, Kursk, Red Army, Counter-Offensives pp. 841-842 Monte Cassino in Italy Allies postponed opening a wink front in Europe until 1944 b/c of British reluctance (b/c of the majority of troops would be supplied by them that early in the war) & lack of adequate resources * Wed have gott en our butts handed to us by the Germans as indeed we did really until 1943 we needed to learn how to fight Stalin was angry we left his country to suffer while we lagged in opening a second front n France to relieve the USSR cannot blame him entirely FDRs promise to the Soviets to open a second front in Western Europe by end of 1942 was utterly impossible to keep (just not ready for the undertaking really) * So USSR got pounded through most of 1942 before it went on the offensive in 1943 and until the end of the war really meanwhile, the Allies invaded North Africa, then Sicily, then up the boot of Italy before two major invasions of France in June & Aug of 1944 Allied demand for mat surrender was criticized mainly by opponents who believed that such a surrender would encourage the enemy to hold out as long as possible (but USA withal did this to show a ommitment to USSR as an Ally against Germany to avoid a separate peace as in WWI) FDRs & Churchills insistence on the a bsolute and unconditional surrender of Germany eventually complicated the problems of postwar reconstruction Chronology Casablanca, Morocco Jan 1943 FDR & Churchill meet Pacific strategy, Sicily, Italy, unconditional surrender p. 842, (Cairo, Egypt before Teheran w/FDR & Churchill discuss Chiang & Mao vs. Japanese in China), then Teheran, Iran (Persia at the time) Nov 28th Dec 1st, 1943 plans for W & E attacks on Germany p. 844 FDR, Churchill, Stalin, Potsdam, Germany July 1945 Truman, Churchill, Stalin Potsdam Declaration & how to end war & post-war plans p. 851 Chronology Invasion of (Sicily and) Italy (1943), D-Day/Normandy invasion (June 6th, 1944), VE Day 5/8/45 my mother turned 6 years old (my don turned 6 years old 10 days later) she had two brothers in this war (others in Korea & Vietnam) one would come home from Europe w/2 Purple Hearts served under Patton in N Africa & was at the Bulge his eye was hanging out of his head attached by the oculus nerve they saved his eye but the war messed the young man up for the rest of his life mentally carrying the burdens of death her other brother was in Pacific he would not come home until Japan was beaten VJ Day 8/15/45 Japans surrender was 8/14/45 official surrender on deck of battleship USS Missouri in Tokyo Bay was 9/2/45 WWII was finally over after many deaths military & ivilian (WWII began in 1931-37 in Asia, Sept 1939 in Europe, Dec 1941 for USA in Pacific) Major consequence of Allied conquest of Sicily in Aug 1943 was overthrow of Mussolini (first of two times) and (eventually) Italys surrender o Italians surrender quicker than the French At least they claim to be lovers not fighters but the Romans mischievously put a foot in and/or up ones booty in battle as a vicious warrior conglomerate known for organization in fighting After Italian surrender in Aug 1943, Germans poured into Italy and stalled the Allied advance (really until the end of the war in Northern Italy besi des harsh to Italians for switching sides) Real impact of the Italian front on WWII may have been that it delayed the D-Day invasion & allowed the Soviet Union to advance advertize into E Europe (iron curtain) Brutal fighting in Italy Ex pp. 841-842 Monte Cassino in Italy Audie Murphy was in Italy, France, & Germany 442nd Nisei were in Italy, France, & Germany US First Army The Big Red One Tuskegee airmen (99th squadron of 332nd fighter group)Italians switched sides Germans reinforced bloody battles b/c of terrain Ex. Anzio * I disagree w/this Italy was a vital & valuable front perhaps managed poorly, but necessary At the wartime conference in Teheran, Iran (Persia) (11-28 thru 12-1-43) (FDR, Churchill, Stalin) plans were made for opening a 2nd front in Europe p. 844 was Sicily & Italy before France Stalin still not happy Cross Channel (English Channel) invasion of Normandy (in NW France) to open a 2nd front in Europe was commanded by Gen Dwight David Eisenhower (future p resident) Ike West Point, Aide of MacArthur, Bonus Army, North Africa, Great political general needed for this command to deal w/ the prima- onnas US Gen Patton and British Gen Montgomery (Monty) plus other issues he was the right man for the job although many disagreed about that at the time ***** Normandy/D-Day June 6th, 1944 (operation Overlord) & Breakout 5 beaches Monty, Bradley, Patton diversion pointed at Calais, French Underground, airborne/Gliders/Paratroopers, Rangers, Amphibious, Air Superiority, Mulberry Harbors, Strategy, Hedgerows, Engineers, Etc (Saving Private Ryan, The Longest Day) In a sense, FDR was the forgotten man at the Democratic Convention of 1944 b/c so much attention was focused on who would be VP (Truman Sen from MO political machine failed in business US Army rtillery Major in WWI ) (VP & former Sec of Ag Henry Wallace pushed out) (FDR in poor health) ** FDR complained of a headache and then shortly thereafter died from cerebral hemorrhage sitting for a portrait in Warm Springs, GA (where his health spa for his rehab for polio was) on April 12th, 1945 funeral train some people had really only known FDR as president, now Truman was the great unknown trying to replace FDR Eleanor said to Harry, The president is dead. Truman replied, Is there anything I can do for you. Mrs Roosevelt responded, Oh no, is there anything that we can do for you, youre the one who is in trouble now. FDR won 1944 election primarily b/c war was going well by Nov 1944 (many thought it was all but officially won and over) Action by USA against Adolf Hitlers campaign of genocide against the Jews was reprehensively slow in coming Did not admit large numbers of refugees to USA, nor bomb RR lines at death camps USA did know Govt knew for sure since 1942 when final solution was implemented US govt knew before if they chose to believe it (plus Mein Kampf, Hitlers book), not major reason at all really that USA fought WWII like Civil War sort of in that abolition of slavery was a byproduct that many Federal/Union soldiers did not realize they were fighting for at the beginning of the war, nor would many of them fought for that ideal anywaymy opinionso you know its correct ( Hitlers last ditch attempt to achieve victory against the USA & British (plus other Allies) came in Battle of the Bulge (Dec 1944-Jan 1945) My uncle FL was there got that nasty eye wound Hurtgen Forrest (When Trumpets Fade) before Bulge near Achaen in W Germany almost on Belgian border brutal mine palm slaughter overshadowed by Bulge so largely forgotten Bulge why its called the Battle of the Bulge weather secrecy push through weak Ardennes Malmady Mr. High casualties 76,000 US worst battle in US history (Okinawa close, Gettysburg too) Germans lost 140,000+ cold no air cover for weeks Bastogne 101st airborne (Band of Brothers) 101st at Normandy, Market Garden, Bastogne, Hitlers Eagles Nest Patton & 3rd Army costly choice to push bulg e back quite an than pinch it (liposuction) air cover returns push to the Rhine USSR pushing from the East USSR in Berlin brutalAs result of Battle of Leyte Gulf Japan was finished a s a naval power (Philippines 1944 largest naval battle ever Halsey Taffy 3 Kamikazes Yamato) Philippines fell 500 POWs rescued at Cabanatuan (The Great Raid) hold outs in to 1970s Iwo Jima and Okinawa and Japanese home islands left to take to end Pacific war ***** War of attrition in Pacific to the death rarely took prisoners on either side unless want information Potsdam Conference issued an ultimatum to Japan to surrender of face a rain of ruin from the air Its already lining a rain of ruin from the air as did German cities p. 851 Potsdam Conference (Truman told Stalin of massive weapon to use on Japan Stalin not surprised (b/c he knew from spies already) told Truman to use it & promised to enter war in Pacific as he had agreed to earlier entered war 8/8/45, day before 2nd A-bomb on Nagasaki that time, Hiroshima the first on 8/6/45) Total unconditional surrender or be destroyed threat of more bombing not specific as to use of an atomic bomb more bombing so what already taking that Spending of enormous sums of money on the original (to be used against Germany) atomic (nuclear) bomb project (Manhattan Project) was spurred by the belief that the American public would not tolerate the (massive) casualties that would result from a land invasion of Japan (***** Much More Complex Than That ***** Letter c in the answer choices The Japanese were (still) at work (and more prosperous than Germans who tried heavy piddle in Norway but suffered to sabotage attacks one at the plant, the other sinking a ferry w/the heavy water on board still at bottom of the lake in Norway) on an atomic bomb of their own (claim to have detonated one in Manchuria) ***** Japanese had lots of weapons ready for the Final Battle or invasion of Japan, which was planned & ready to go they also had chemical weapons from Shiro Ishis Unit 731 in Manchuria chemical & biological weapons delivery systems Ex. High altitude balloons, flea bombs, etc- USA made post-war deal w/ the DevilNo war crimes trials for vivisections, experiments, infection of disease, anthrax, plague, etc The unconditional surrender policy toward Japan was finally modified by agreeing to let Japans Emperor Hirohito stay on the throne (w/Democratic govt) * No war crimes trials for emperor Tojo took the fall for emperor no Shiro Ishi or members of Unit 731 unlike Nazis let Japan have terms that Germany did not get then USA built up former enemies (W Germany & Japan) into allies while former allies (USSR< etc) became enemies COLD WAR The following were qualities of US participation in WWIIA group of highly effective military & political leaders, an enormously effective effort in producing weapons & supplies (usually more, & later, better equipment than enemies out produced the Axis), th e preservation of the American homeland against invasion or destruction from air (small submarine skirmishes & some off-shore shelling, & some balloons w/explosives in 48 continental USA), the maintenance & re-affirmation of strength of democracy, What about a higher % of military casualties than any other Allied nation (USA had least casualties of big ones USSR suffered more casualties than any country on either side) p. 27 FDR as all wise for Germany first strategy over those who disagree Pacific war always get ripped off p. 828 Allies Trade Space for Time * German (& Japanese) scientists weapons A-Bombs pp. 829-832 The Shock of War pp. 830-831 Japanese-Am Internment (Farewell to Manzanar) Issei, Nisei, Exec Order 9066 (100th/442nd) pp. 832-833 Building the War Machine * strikes Ex Coal Miners exploited, underpaid share profits Kaiser shipbuilding pp. 833-834 Man power & Woman power Braceros (later deportations in Operation Wetback) Rosie (Wendy) day-cares p. 834 War mig ration map pp. 835-837 wartime migrations p. 835 Tuskegee Airmen photo p. 835 A Philip Randolph (Exec Order 8802) **** (Charles Drew Af-Am did first successful blood transfusion put in charge of Allied blood banks he was forced to segregate blood too his death outside a hospital after an accident died waiting for a blood tranfusion b/c white hospital would not admit him) p. 835 Double V, CORE 1942, NAACP membership increases p. 836 Comanche (Europe) & Navajo (Pacific) code talkers pp. 836-837 Zoot Suit Riots in LA, CA 1943 & Detroit, MI 1943 jerky rubbing against one another of unfamiliar peoples produced some distressingly violent action. pp. 837-838 Holding the Homefront p. 837 National Debt Chart pp. 838-839 The Rising Sun in the Pacific p. 838 Map of Luzon, Bataan, & Corrigador (Philippines) p. 838 (Mao and ) Chiang Kai-shek resist Japanese w/Allied help p. 38 Flying the Hump in Himalayas (b/c of Burma Road Merrils Mauraders & Gen Stillwell) p. 838 ill-trained Filipinos , MacArthur holds fast delays Japanese Bataan ending March (POW rescue) p. 839 Japans High Tide at Midway (plus Aleutians) pp. 839-841 American Leapfrogging Toward Tokyo (island-hopping & leapfrogging like blitzkrieg Pacific style) * Book does opposite of Europe First strategy of Allies Guam (Saipan suicides), Marianas Turkey Shoot F6F Hellcat kill ratio 6-20-44 Battle of Philippine Sea massive Japanese losses p. 840 Map of Pacific War p. 841 Churchill The Hun is always either at you throat or at your feet. pp. 841-842 The Allied Halting of Hitler p. 41 Battle of the Atlantic U-boats, destroyers, RADAR, SONAR, Enigma, New U-boats (not bountiful early in war Downitz) no sub can stay under indefinitely b/c food is limitation (U-571) pp. 842-843 A turn Front from North Africa to Rome p. 842 USSR lost 20 million pp. 842-843 unconditional surrender debate & results pp. 843-846 D-Day June 6th, 194p. 845 Examining the Evidence Teheran 1943 Overlord Discussion (* Dieppe in F rance) p. 844 Ike chosen to command D-Day invasion (feignt w/Patton at Calais codes, underground, paratroopers, Rangers, 5 beaches, air power, Mulberry harbors, etc) p. 846 D-Day (Agincourt 1415 officer recited Shakespeare) in picture caption p. 846 Aug 1944 invasion of S France (A Murphy) pp. 846-847 FDR Four white ant of 1944 p. 47 Focus on VP Truman on Sen Committee for Wasteful Spending told to stop investigating Manhattan Project he later learns it was Atomic Bombs p. 848 FDR defeats Dewey FDR had Rep possess newspapers against him again p. 848 Quote from Congresswoman Clare Booth Luce He lied us into war because he did not have the political courage to lead us into it. pp. 848-849 The Last Days of Hitler p. 849 Map of Battle of the Bulge * 76,000 casualties worst US battle ever so far * Okinawa & Gettysburg were both very bad too Bulge mistakes p. 848 bombings pp. 848-849 (Remagen) Rhine River crossing into Germany p. 849 Holocaust camps liberated horrors known now for all (unit 731 in Manchuria) p. 849 FDRs deathVE Day 5-8-45 pp. 49-851 Japan Dies Hard US subs sinking Japanese ships cutting off Japans vital lifeline sank 1. 042 ships 50% of Japans merchant fleet p. 850 Bombings in Japan Ex. Tokyo 3/9-10/1945 83,000 KIA p. 850 Leyte Gulf, Iwo Jima, & Pkinawa short-changed as usual by textbooks that suck Iwo Jima 6,000 KIA not 4,000 Okinawa 50,000 US casualties (KIA, WIA, MIA, POW) Okinawa, Japanese had 200,000 military & civilian casualties p. 851 2nd Flag Raising (Flags of Our Fathers, letter from Iwo Jima, The Sands of Iwo Jima) p. 851 Kamikazes (Saipan & Leyte, then Iwo & Okinawa worst of all no Final Battle wouldve been worst) They had lots stored up for the Final Battle pp. 851-853 Atomic Bombs p. 52 Hiroshima picture post-bomb on 8-6-45 180,000 KIA, WIA, MIA 70,000 KIA instantly 60,000 died later from radiation, etc p. 852 USSR enters war in Pacific on 8-8-45 day before Nagasaki 8-9-45 KIA of 40,000 instantly, more later US SR invaded Manchuria & North Korea (not a country split N & S until 1950) 8-14-45 Japan surrendered 8-15-45 VJ Day official surrender on deck of battleship USS Missouri (Big Mo) on 9/2/45 w/MacArthur , etc pp. 853-854 The Allies Triumphant p. 853 US casualties 1 million 1/3rd KIA plasma, penicillin, (quanine for malaria), etc. (medics, corpsman, doctors, nurses) USSR lost 20 million plus more casualties 13. 6 million military killed plus 7. 2 million civilians killed plus up to 30 million more wounded and refugees p. 853 US attacked on W chute Ex balloons w/bombs, etc.. & submarines on both coasts p. 853 In the end, the US showed itself to be resourceful, tough, and adaptable to accommodate itself to the tactics of an enemy who was relentless and ruthless. Kind of funny accustomed US history dont you think? p. 854 VJ Day 8-15-45 image p. 854 production marvels won war through production more of everything then eventually better & more Churchill Nothing succeeds like excess . Herman Goering (Head of German air force/Luftwaffe Americans cant build planes only electric ice boxes and razor blades. Goering also said that the P-51 Mustang (US fighter plane) won the war for the Allies p. 854 But the American people preserved their precious liberties without serious impairment. What would Zinn say? Is this a reference to loss of liberties during WWI Espionage and Sedition Acts? What would enemy aliens and citizens interned during the war say? Ex. Italian & German internment Japanese-American internment p. 854 Chronology p. 855 World War II Triumph or Tragedy? Post-war scholarship was to avoid isolationist appeasement in Cold War other paralleled 1930s revisionist of post-WWI said US should have stayed out made it worse Another thought FDR was naive isolationistOthers thought FDR was a calculating interventionist Another focused on Atomic Bombs controversy racism issue or quantify b/c Germans were beaten already Gar Alperovitz said bomb was used to s care USSR & hurry surrender MartinJ. Sherwin said we dropped A-bombs when ready to end was ASAP w/bonus of scaring USSR ***** Textbook ignores Rises to Power of Totalitarian leaders like Stalin (communist), Mussolini (fascist), Hitler (fascist), & Japans militarist govt w/emporer Hirohito led by Tojo early in war he took the fall It does not explain the role of the emperor in Japans govt Battle of Berlin brutal pay back refugees rapes POWs Hitlers death

Human Interaction from a Psychology Perspective

Human Interaction from a Psychology Perspective Do we act the same within loving interactions as we do when we feel that no i else is looking? Do we conform to hostels standards of what is considered universal behavior? Does our behavior in social interactions depend on a variety of factors ranging from head word chemis humble, individualistic beliefs, cultural influence? We ar each influenced by a variety of factors in our social interactions with others. Does the interaction offer us roughly instance of recognition or personal reward?What nates we get out of the social gathering that we beneficial to us in the long speed? Do we act what is considered normal in our social interactions with others or adopt maladaptive behavioral patterns that lead to chronic disturbances in interpersonal and occupational functioning. harmonize to Kowalski, induces a higher rate of conformity among its members. In this type of culture lacking autonomy, obedience is taught by parent to chil d as a heart of future survival (Kowalski & Western, 2009) andA that the childas role in night club has been predetermined.In communism conformity is not a choice, kinda a governmental authority to delay within the norms of the communistic society in place. representative Societies Whereas communism attempts to create a single social norm from umteen cultures, democracies promote social norms based on many cultures. Within democratic societies exist many cultures based on ethnic, religious, economic, and social affiliations. A childas future is not encoded from birth, rather determined by his or her choice of social affiliations.Although many factors contri scarcee to a person conforming to social norms, many antisocial behaviors can intermit as well. According to Steinberg The increased importance of peers leads adolescents to want to convert their behavior in order to (sic) consort in because they care more about what their friends conceptualize of them, they are more likely to go along with the crew to avoid being rejected (Steinberg & Monahan, 2007, para. 5). Peer pressure is more likely to alter behaviors of those on a lower floor the age of 14 as he or she tries to fit into a present group culture.Social interaction at this point dictates whether the learned behaviors are socially acceptable or not. Between the ages of 14-18 the individuals begin to place upright peer pressures as they begin to develop emotional autonomy (Steinberg & Monahan, 2007). Intervention. Whether in a communistic or democratic society, it is individual behaviors that are judged by society to be either normal or antisocial. In either society, if a mental is in dissension of other individuals established beliefs or standards the action is considered to be disrupting or deviant and is rejected.Many generation individuals perform deviant acts which are not inevitably harmful to society as a whole but are potentially threatening to their own existence. This brings i n the question of what type of assistance the individual requires in order to change their behaviors. Psychoanalytical therapy may be helpful in order to determine the underlying causes for the deviant behavior. Disorders such as psychoneurotic behaviors may not affect an individualas social interactions however, these behaviors could potentially have a negative effect on individual abilities to find employment.A single(a) interactions within a culture should be performed in an bowel movement to unify personal positions within that society and to strengthen relationships within the community. Societies which enforce responsibility from their leading are motivated to include a much great level of development while those which are commanded by power have the tendency to lose. Individuals who try to control others, either in the place of work or on a personal level, frequently exhibit these behaviors due to a lack of say-so which has been infused in them due to various reasons.Wh ile at times it is necessary to take charge of specific situations, those who are provocative in their approach would win from psychological therapy in order Treatment and Prognosis of PTSD. in that respect are various types of therapy and medications that has proven to be successful in treating PTSD. Cognitive Behavioral Therapy is near effective in treating PTSD. Prolonged Exposure (PE) therapy, Cognitive treat therapy, reprocessing and Eye movement desensitization therapy are also other means of therapy that is successful in treating PTSD.Types of drugs known as Selective Serotonin Reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) which is typically used for depression has been successful in treating PTSD. The prognosis for PTSD depends on severity and length of how long a person has suffered with the mental illness. A legal age of those who seek discourse do respond to psychotherapy but residual symptoms may remain and go into remission for different lengths of time. It is important to seek t reatment for PTSD as symptoms may become so debilitating that it will interfere with a persons ability to lead a profuse and productive life References or Cited SourcesWeb MD. (2009). Types of Mental Illness Retrieved from http//www. webmd. com/mental-health/mental-health-types-illness Retrieved on dire 8, 2011. surgical incision of Veteran Affairs. Understanding PTSD Treatment Retrieved from http//www. ptsd. va. gov/public/pages/gen-treatment. asp Retrieved on August 8, 2011. eMedicine Health. (Medical Author Maria Pease, MD. Medical Editor Melissa Conrad Stoppler, MD Bradley, R. , J. Greene, et al. A Multi Dimensional Meta-analysis of Psychotherapy for PTSD. AMJ Psychiatry 162. 2 (2005) 214-227. Retrieved from http//www. emedicinehealth. om/post-traumatic_stress_disorder_ptsd/article_em. htm Retrieved on August 8, 2011. Human Interaction from a Psychology Perspective Do we act the same within social interactions as we do when we feel that no one else is looking? Do we conform to societys standards of what is considered normal behavior? Does our behavior in social interactions depend on a variety of factors ranging from brain chemistry, individual beliefs, cultural influence? We are all influenced by a variety of factors in our social interactions with others. Does the interaction offer us some type of recognition or personal reward?What can we get out of the social gathering that we beneficial to us in the long run? Do we act what is considered normal in our social interactions with others or adopt maladaptive behavioral patterns that lead to chronic disturbances in interpersonal and occupational functioning. according to Kowalski, induces a higher rate of conformity among its members. In this type of culture lacking autonomy, obedience is taught by parent to child as a means of future survival (Kowalski & Western, 2009) andA that the childas role in society has been predetermined.In communism conformity is not a choice, rather a governmental mandate to remain within the norms of the communistic society in place. Democratic Societies Whereas communism attempts to create a single social norm from many cultures, democracies promote social norms based on many cultures. Within democratic societies exist many cultures based on ethnic, religious, economic, and social affiliations. A childas future is not encoded from birth, rather determined by his or her choice of social affiliations. Although many factors contribute to a person conforming to social norms, many antisocial behaviors can develop as well.According to Steinberg The increased importance of peers leads adolescents to want to alter their behavior in order to (sic) fit in because they care more about what their friends think of them, they are more likely to go along with the crowd to avoid being rejected (Steinberg & Monahan, 2007, para. 5). Peer pressure is more likely to alter behaviors of those under the age of 14 as he or she tries to fit into a present group culture. Socia l interaction at this point dictates whether the learned behaviors are socially acceptable or not.Between the ages of 14-18 the individuals begin to resist peer pressures as they begin to develop emotional autonomy (Steinberg & Monahan, 2007). Intervention. Whether in a communistic or democratic society, it is individual behaviors that are judged by society to be either normal or antisocial. In either society, if a mental is in dissension of other individuals established beliefs or standards the action is considered to be disrupting or deviant and is rejected. Many times individuals perform deviant acts which are not necessarily harmful to society as a whole but are potentially threatening to their own existence.This brings in the question of what type of assistance the individual requires in order to change their behaviors. Psychoanalytical therapy may be helpful in order to determine the underlying causes for the deviant behavior. Disorders such as obsessive-compulsive behaviors may not affect an individualas social interactions however, these behaviors could potentially have a negative effect on individual abilities to find employment. A Individual interactions within a culture should be performed in an effort to unify personal positions within that society and to strengthen relationships within the community.Societies which enforce responsibility from their leaders are motivated to include a much greater level of development while those which are commanded by power have the tendency to lose. Individuals who try to control others, either in the place of work or on a personal level, frequently exhibit these behaviors due to a lack of self-confidence which has been infused in them due to various reasons. While at times it is necessary to take charge of specific situations, those who are provocative in their approach would benefit from psychological therapy in order Treatment and Prognosis of PTSD. There are various types of therapy and medications that has p roven to be successful in treating PTSD. Cognitive Behavioral Therapy is most effective in treating PTSD. Prolonged Exposure (PE) therapy, Cognitive Processing therapy, reprocessing and Eye movement desensitization therapy are also other means of therapy that is successful in treating PTSD. Types of drugs known as Selective Serotonin Reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) which is typically used for depression has been successful in treating PTSD.The prognosis for PTSD depends on severity and length of how long a person has suffered with the mental illness. A majority of those who seek treatment do respond to psychotherapy but residual symptoms may remain and go into remission for different lengths of time. It is important to seek treatment for PTSD as symptoms may become so debilitating that it will interfere with a persons ability to lead a full and productive life References or Cited Sources Web MD. (2009). Types of Mental Illness Retrieved from http//www. webmd. om/mental-health/mental-hea lth-types-illness Retrieved on August 8, 2011. Department of Veteran Affairs. Understanding PTSD Treatment Retrieved from http//www. ptsd. va. gov/public/pages/gen-treatment. asp Retrieved on August 8, 2011. eMedicine Health. (Medical Author Maria Pease, MD. Medical Editor Melissa Conrad Stoppler, MD Bradley, R. , J. Greene, et al. A Multi Dimensional Meta-analysis of Psychotherapy for PTSD. AMJ Psychiatry 162. 2 (2005) 214-227. Retrieved from http//www. emedicinehealth. com/post-traumatic_stress_disorder_ptsd/article_em. htm Retrieved on August 8, 2011.

Stone Cold

Stone cold is a book written by Robert Swindells, the plot of the story is set on two wad, one who is homeless (Link) and one who kills because he believes that the homeless ruin the place (Shelter).Robert Swindells is clever at writing the story, as he switches between the two characters link and furnish, the characters in the story are all different and lead very different lives, Shelter who used to be in the army left after problems, now he believes that he is still in the army and is on a mission to kill people especially homeless people on the avenues, he makes his own recruits and then kills them brutally, he believes that he is making the place look tidier and cleaner.Then there is Link, Link has had a lot of move at home, and he has left his family and friends to lead a better life on the streets of London, though he is finding it hard to survive, and has had trouble rationing the money he had. He finds himself in London, he barely survives as he finds a bed mate called ginger, however when ginger on the spur of the moment disappears link is all back on his own in the great city of London, then he meets Gail, but then a again deal all the people he meets, he finds that she is a reporter.Robert Swindells makes this book interesting, by making the suspense last, and he uses complex vocabulary to create an atmosphere, he brings shelter to life, he creates link by bringing him into shelter and into the insecure street life of London, he makes you feel sad and puts your feelings and puts them in the story, he makes you feel unrelenting of Link by showing and emphasizing that this boy is now on the streets as he has made a mess of his life.And now at the very end in London alone he lives, with a broken heart, no lover or friend, however he is now more street wise and he understands not to fall into the arms of anyone and get attached to soon.

How to Use 2g and 3g Gprs Mobile Internet on Your Computer Essay

Imagine a situation where you take to send an important email to your friend or boss and your profits doesnt be given. Imagine the helplessness, the frustration, the anger. I am pretty sure you didnt imagine it but recalled a moment when something of the sort actually happened to you. Internet connectivity, although enough better with each passing day is still a luxury in many parts of the world, especially in rural areas. But the orgasm of smartph whizs is changing that. straightadays, you grass connect to the internet very easily using your industrious phone. I hope I am not the only one to feel this but using the internet on the restless is just not as fun or convenient as using it on a computer. So today, I allow teach you how to connect to the internet on your computer using the GPRS internet pack you have on your mobile phone. The recipe is simple. Heres the ingredients1. A datacable OR a bluetooth enabled mobile phone(your computer should be bluetooth enabled too in this case). 2. The necessary drivers to use your mobile as a modem. Make sure the internet on your mobile phone is working before actually going through the next steps. Installing the drivers commencement ceremony lets install the drivers necessary to use your phone as a modem. To check if they are already installed, go to Control Panel- phone and Modem-ModemsIf you mess see the modem for your mobile phone, indeed you can skip the next few paragraphs. If not, then install the PC suite for your mobile phone on your computer and connect your phone to it and the drivers will be installed automatically. If you dont have the PC suite, either download it from another PC with an internet society or if you are a geek, you can download the specific drivers for only the modem from the internet. Go back to Control Panel-Phone and Modem-Modems to double check if the modem is installed.CONFIGURING YOUR PHONES MODEMI will first explain the connection procedure using a data cable. * Go to Contr ol Panel-Phone and Modem-Dialing Rules.Click on New and select India as the country and write the ZIP grave of the place where you are going to use the internet. Leave the other fields as they are and press OK. Now get over on the Modems tab again. call for the modem you are going to use and click properties. Choose the Advanced tab in the dialog box that follows in the space for Extra Initialization Commands theatrical role the following codes depending on your cable operatorAIRTELAT+CGDCONT=1,IP,airtelgprs.comAIRCELAT+CGDCONT=1,IP,aircelgprs.comIDEAAT+CGDCONT=1,IP,ideagprs.comTATA DOCOMOAT+CGDCONT=1,IP,TATA.DOCOMO.INTERNETVODAFONEAT+CGDCONT=1,IP, wwwDont get freaked out if the only two options in the drop down list below are Japan and Afghanistan(I did), you can leave it as it is and press OK. Please doublecheck the part after IP from your mobile internets cliptings before you continue. It is called APN(Access Point Name) and it allows you to access the internet from your mob ile phone e.g. The APN for Airtel is airtelgprs.com. They may differ in your state from the ones I have shown here.CONNECTING TO THE INTERNETNow go to Control Panel-Network and Sharing Center and click exercise set up a new connection or network. In the menu that follows, choose Set-up a dial-up connection.Enter the phone number as *99 without the quotes. Leave everything else empty. You can change the name of the connection to whatever you want.Youre done Now go to the network icon and double click on the connection you just created. Enjoy the internet. If an error 734 occurs, it means thateither the internet on your mobile is not working right now or that you have entered the wrong APN. Check your APN and reconfigure the settings. Your internet should work fine. Also, dont forget to mark No Proxy in your browsers connection settings. Now lets move on to connection using bluetooth. Activate bluetooth on both your mobile phone and your computer. Pairing your mobile phone with your computerIf your mobile is already paired, move on to the next section. If not, Go to Control Panel-Devices and Printers-Bluetooth Devices and click on Add a device. Let the setup find your bluetooth device and click on it to pair with it. Check your mobile phone and match the passkeys. Now, all the processes are the same as the data cable with a few differences. To set up the modem you can right click on the icon for your phone in the Bluetooth Devices folder and click on modem or you can go to Phone and Modem as before and select Standard Modem Over Bluetooth Link and do everything exactly the same way as I explained before.Now, we need to set up a dial-up connection. Go back to Bluetooth Devices and double-click on the icon for your phone. Click the Connect button which is next to Use your phone to connect to the internet. If it doesnt work the first time, select the option to enter the details manually. Now enter the phone number as *99 and enjoy. The version of windows while wri ting this tutorial is Windows 7 Premium. The process is similar for other versions. Ill be write another one for connecting your mobile internet to a computer with a linux-based operating(a) system later. If you had any problems, please comment below and I will reply with a solution.

Cultural evolution Essay

In his article Where Do Social Relations Come From? , Michael Grossetti discusses the ways that benevolent kinds argon studied by sociologists, citing that often the methodology begins by starting with the relationship ad working backward to define it (Grossetti,p. 289). The most lasting relationships are the ones that come from organizations, he concludes, especially those related to family and friends.When we related this conclusion back to cultural evolution theory, we female genitalia argue that the lasting relationships of this generation because at this menstruum in time most relationships are forged out of organizations or via our families. However, we can clearly argue that once this may not have been real as populate had longer term relationships with multitude in their neighborhoods and those with whom they had a physical proximity.Grossetti argues that neighborhoods do not provide a basis for lasting relationships as they do not necessarily share life values or inte rests which draw people together (p. 292). When discussing this assertion in relation to cultural evolution, we can argue that in the recent past, neighborhoods did share a commonality that is now missing immigrants would tend to settle in neighborhoods, neighborhoods would be divided by racial or religious lines, or at the most tangential neighborhoods would be reflective of a certain socio-economic status.Now, according to Grossettis study, relationships have evolved to the point that people develop relationships based primarily on organizations which they belong to church groups, work groups, or interest organizations. When this is combined with the use of social networks, it can be discovered that people are then creating a new means to segregate themselves via their interests. People have developed a new means to identify people with like interests and create new association groups.The interesting aspect of this evolving form of meeting may be that it creates relationships am ong people who in previous generations may neer even have met. Because social networking allows people with common interests to meet without the traditional introduction of a mutual friend, they may completely change the way relationship develop in the future, dovetailing nicely with the theory of cultural evolution.

Dbq of “The Roaring 20’s”

Honors American Studies 2 Blk. 1 3-19-2012 Document Based Question. In America, the 1920s were a time of constant change, and also huge conflict and there seemed to be two sides. The side encouraging change and the side repelling correct the sheer idea of change. But whether you liked it or not, change was happening all over. Hundreds of new produces were cosmos churned out of assembly lines by the minute, and it seemed that everything was feasible with new technology. The economy was booming, and with the serve up of credit and mass production, even off the poorest of citizens could afford goods.Change was every evident in the 1920s and no matter if it was good or bad, it was indispensable for the growth of the United States. Documents A and G both cross-file a side to society that was sort of unheard of before the smack Twenties women acting unladylike. Document A is a laughingstock advertisement from the 1920s, showing a woman in a skimpy flapper dress claiming the atte ntion of a young man. The slogan on the ad reads what is more irresistible than Murad? Document G spectacles a scandalously clad woman, a flapper. The womans dress is sleeveless, and is short enough to show her knees.Both illustrations show how women were beginning to escape the shadow of their husbands, and to defy the standards that society had trapped them in for generations. Women were fed up with universe the quiet, subdued housewife and were ready to imprint their mark on the world, no matter what it overlyk to do so. other idea that rocked American society was the notion of planned parenthood and birth pick up. In Document D Margaret Sanger tells of the horrors of premature parenthood and gives countless reasons to avoid becoming a parent too soon.She blames children coming too soon for the millions of marriages that have been blighted. She resents the idea of marriage being an introductory to motherhood and states that Americans need to commiserate that the idea of wo manhood as it relates to marriage has changed and that planned parenthood and birth control can help preserve this new idea. Sanger declares that motherhood is a wonderful experience that helps to shape and unfold the realization of her high nature a woman has when she is ready to bear children.This being said, she also states that without the proper time for a couple to bond, an early or unplanned pregnancy can cause unwanted separation amidst husband and wife. Sure this all sounds fine and dandy to the average American, but the Catholic Church was not pleased. The Catholic Church did not believe in birth control fought heavily against it. But dispite their efforts, Margaret Sanger implanted a seed in the minds of the young couples of America, and completely changed the perception of motherhood and marriage. Advertisements were the next thing to go through major changes.Very seldom, if ever did companies use risky tactics to attract customers until the 1920s rolled around. Busin esses were utilize fear, generalization, and blanket statements to get customers to buy their products. Document E shows this in the advertisement for Everyday Flashlight and Battery. It is coroneted The Song that STOPPED and is about a young girl who goes down into her cellar for her mother, but trips in the dark and breaks her leg. The advertisement circumstances that if a flashlight had been hanging at the head of the cellar stairs, this shortsighted tragedy would have been averted.Everyday Flashlight uses this story to instill fear and anxiety into their customers, and say that they need their product not exclusively as a convenience, but to protect their family. They play upon the desire Americans have to make their lives easier and tell the public that they need their flashlight to do so. These tactics were brand new in advertisement, and only got worse as years went onnow we even have half hour persistent advertisements telling us how much we need a product America unde rwent many different vicissitudes during the Roaring Twenties and each one helped to develop what the country is today.Changes in advertisements paved the way for the infomercials of the 21st Century, and helped to grapple products and keep the economy moving. Margaret Sanger gave America a whole new perspective on motherhood, marriage, and birth control that Americans still follow today. And the flapperswell, they sure did provide entertainment, as well as a way for women to usher themselves and have a little fun after years of oppression. Although a few changes eventually helped arrest America into a depression, most were quite beneficial to the country and are still affecting Americans today.

Bcm/275

Choose deuce misunderstandings you experienced and fill egress the chart for these. Respond to questions 1 and 2 shown under the chart for each example of a misunderstanding. In your response, include the following Cite a meaningful misunderstanding rather than a general or less material misunderstanding. Use business- or work-related examples rather than personal ones. Identify the roles of the sender and receiver, such as manager, peer, subordinate, lymph node, vendor, and so forth Who was the sender? client Who was the receiver? Myself (Client Service Manager) What was the message? The client asked for two checks to be sent to the Custodian, one with a mistake (contributions did not add up) and one that was correct (all contributions matched). What channel was utilize to send the message? E-mail was the channel used. What was the misunderstanding that occurred? The client thought that by sending two checks it would fix the issue with check number one which had a negative amount for a contribution.I had told the client in order to resolve the issue with check number one she needed to void verbalise check and re-issue another one. How could the misunderstanding been avoided? The misunderstanding could have been avoided had we spoke on the phone with the Custodian crowd in as they are the ones who rejected check number one. 1. What did you learn about the communication serve from this activity?From this activity I learned that the message can be misunderstood if the communication is not correct, meaning the way the message is conveyed (e-mail, phone call, fax, etc. ). 2. What seemed to be the main causes of this misunderstanding? It seemed as if the Client was confused when I told her she needed to void one check an re-issue another one. Perhaps if we spoke on the phone she would have understood this and not told me to send both checks in 3. What tips can you suggest for preventing misunderstandings in communication?

Good: Satisfaction Customer Satisfaction

node rejoicing guest Satisfaction is a business term of how the products and the services supplied by the company suitable or surpass the guest expectation. It is the key performance indicator within the business. Berlin AsongWHY ORGANIZATIONS FOCUS ON guest SATISFACTION? workes monitor client cheer in order to determine how to increase their customer base, customer loyalty, revenue, clams, market sh are and survival. Although greater profit is the primary driver, exemplary businesses focus on the customer and his/her have it away with the organization. They represent to make their customers happy and see customer enjoyment as the key to survival and profit. Customer satisfaction in turn hinges on the quality and effects of their associations and the goods or services they receive.NEED OF customer SATISFACTION The most important asset of any organization is its customers. Satisfied customers pay their bills promptly which greatly improves bills flow the lifeblood of any organization.BUSINESS TECNIQUES OF CUSTOMER SATISFACTION One of the key customer satisfaction techniques is the need to leave front line employees with the ability to respond to customer situations quickly without the need to ask for permission. mental institution drives customers satisfaction. As customers needs carry changing, an innovation-driven company is capacitated to exceed customers expectations. To house after sale services.Listen actively and carefully. foresee that the customer will be asking questions. They may be easy, they be hard. But encourage them anyway. If you can non provide an answer, promise to find out the answer from some(prenominal) sensation who can. Be patient, look from the customers point of view and work from there. This point of view will always give you the best outlook on the situation. Always keep a smile on your face when dealing with customers which can lead to customer satisfaction. This positivist office can rub off and turn a pote ntially negative situation into a positive experience.WHY MEASURE THE CUSTOMER SATISFACTION? Customer satisfaction is tied directly to profitability. Well-established research by Bain & high society found that, for many companies, an increase of 5% in customer retention can increase profits by 25% to 95%. The same study found that it costs six to seven clock more to gain a new customer than to keep an existing one.CUSTOMER SATISFACTION MEASUREMENT A basic and effective base line customer satisfaction survey program should focus on measuring customer perceptions of how will the company delivers on the critical success factors and dimensions of the business as defined bythe customers. Organizations need to retain existing customers while targeting non-customers. Measuring customer satisfaction provides an indication of how boffo the organization is at providing products and/or services to the marketplace.Customer satisfaction is an abstract concept and the actual manifestation of the terra firma of satisfaction will vary from person to person and product/service to product/service. The state of satisfaction depends on a number of both psychological and physical variables which correlate with satisfaction behaviors such as return and recommend crop. The level of satisfaction can similarly vary depending on other factors the customer, such as other products against which the customer can compare the organizations products.FOR EXAMPLE Service Promptness Courtesy of round Responsiveness Understanding the customer problem, etc.The findings of the company performance should be analyzed both with all customers and by key segments of the customer population. The essential starting point for Customer Satisfaction Measurement (CMS) is exploratory research. Since satisfaction is about an organizations ability. To meet customer requirement one has to start by clarifying with customers exactly what those requirements are. This is done through exploratory research using focus groups or one to one depth interviews. Two of import factors determine the accuracy of CMS. The first is the asking the right question and the fleck is the asking them to the right people sample of customers which accurately reflects the customer base.Three things decide the accuracy of a sample. They are 1. It must be representative. 2. It must be randomly selected. 3. It must be adequate enough.NEED FOR MEASURING CUSTOMER SATISFACTIONCustomers are too good to lose Lets keep them happy Customer is the king. Marketing starts with the customer and ends the customer. Peter Drucker. So no organization, small or big ignores the customers. Earth is not the shopping center of universe but revolves around the Sun. Copernicus. Similarly, we have come to believe that business firm is not the center of economic universe but revolves around the customer.REVIEW OF LITERATUREAbout customer satisfaction Customer satisfaction occurs when the experience obtained from transaction matc h expectation. Customer may forget experience that match expectation although, customers will mostly notice and also remember those experience that deviated from expectation.Methodologies The Kano model is a theory of product development and customer satisfaction developed in the 1980s by Professor Noriaki Kano that classifies customer preferences into five categories Attractive, One-Dimensional, Must-Be, Indifferent, Reverse. The Kano model offers some insight into the product attributes which are perceived to be important to customers. Kano also produced a methodology for social function consumer responses to questionnaires onto his model.SERVQUAL or RATER is a service-quality modelling that has been incorporated into customer-satisfaction surveys (e.g., the revised Norwegian Customer Satisfaction Barometer) to indicate the wisecrack between customer expectations and experience. J.D. Power and Associates provides another measure of customer satisfaction, cognize for its top-b ox approach and automotive perseverance rankings. J.D. Power and Associates marketing research consists primarily of consumer surveys and is publicly known for the value of its product awards. Other research and consulting firms have customer satisfaction solutions as well.These include A.T. Kearneys CustomerSatisfaction Audit process, which incorporates the Stages of Excellence framework and which helps define a companys status against eight critically identified dimensions. For Business to Business (B2B) surveys there is the Info Quest box. This has been used internationally since 1989 on more than 110,000 surveys (Nov 09) with an average response rate of 72.74%. The box is targeted at the most important customers and avoids the need for a blanket survey.RESEARCH METHODOLOGYINTRODUCTION Research is an art of scientific investigation through search for new facts in any branch of knowledge. It is a moment from known to unknown. Research always starts with a question or a problem.I ts purpose is to find answers to questions through the drill of the scientific method. It is a systematic and intensive study directed towards a more complete knowledge of the subject studied.My Research based on Descriptive Research. Descriptive research is also called Statistical Research. The main goal of this part of research is to describe the data and characteristics about what is being studied. The idea behind this type of research is to study frequencies, averages, and other statistical calculations. Although this research is highly accurate, it does not gather the causes behind a situation.Descriptive research is mainly done when a researcher wants to gain a better understanding of a topic for example, a frozen ready meals company learns that there is a growing demand for refreshing ready meals but doesnt know much about the area of fresh food and so has to carry out research in order to gain a better understanding. It is quantitative and uses surveys and panels and also the use of probability sampling.

Amy Tan’s “Two Kinds” and “Best Quality” Essay

Amy topazs dickens Kinds and Best role depict a struggling and often disagreeable kinship between a defiant daughter and an overbearing generate. June Mei and her incur Suyuan engage in a destructive battle between what is possible and what is realistic. June, although headstrong, seeks her fetchs approval and adoration. Suyuan, although patronizing, yearns for her daughters deference and best qualities. The race between have and daughter falls victim to tension inherent in any begin/daughter agitate, especially between first-generation Ameri force out daughters and their immigrant mothers (Yglesias 1). Their inability to take in one a nonher(prenominal) largely stems from ethnical differences Suyuan is a Chinese woman who flees to America for a interrupt life, while June is bound to demonstrate her egotism-worth as a Chinese-Ameri stick out. Due to distressed conversational mesh topologys, June and Suyuan maintain a staggering relationship, which in conclusion en ds in Suyuans poignant move intoance of her daughters individuality and cultural evolution.One of the close to prominent cultural barriers June and Suyuan suffer from is communication. Suyuan remains a cultural alien in America because she is a first generation immigrant from mainland China (Xu 3). As a result, Suyuan speaks Chinese and broken English, while June speaks English and fractured Chinese. Furthermore, the communication barrier seems to be dickens-fold between generations and cultures (Shear 194). The first generational and cultural gap materializes in Two Kinds when June announces her insubstantial defiance by saying, Why dont you like me the way I am? Im not a genius Her overbearing mother retorts in her fragile English, Who ask you be genius? Only ask you be your best. For you sake (Tan 597). This short dialogue is extremely brandificant as it reveals the cultural tension between Suyuan and June, thus causing a bitter mother/daughter conflict. Junes difficulty in comprehending her mother echoes Suyuans frustration at her inability to pass on the benefits of her accumulate wisdom and experience (Rubin 13). Suyuans frail English, concurrent with Junes adolescent will to defy her mother, exposit the communication and culture nets they must overcome.Another example of their sh bed dilemma begins with Junes timid chemical reaction toher mothers carrying of her lifes importance twenty years later in Best Quality. Suyuan offers June her lifes importance, a sap pendant on a gold mountain chain (Tan 221). Cultural and generational gaps illuminate the root of Junes uncertainty about this jade pendant Suyuan gives her aft(prenominal) a Chinese New Year crab dinner party. June reveals her bewilderment when she notices a bartender wearing a similar pendant. After asking him of its origin, he replies with, My mother gave it to me after I got divorced I depend shes trying to tell me Im still worth something. June reflects, I knew by the curiosi ty in his voice that he had no idea what the pendant really meant (222). This dialogue suggests there is a deeper, sadder miscommunication between June and her deceased mother.As June ascertains the meaning of Suyuans poignant offering by asking her aunties, her mothers closest friends, she realizes they would tell me a meaning that is different from what my mother intended (222). Conversations with her aunties remind June of unspeakable distances My mother and I never really understood one another. We translated each others meanings and I seemed to hear less than what was said, while my mother heard more (Cheng 12). Her revelation is frightening, as she feels her mothers words will be lost in a sea of translations and interpretations. This realization, although exacerbating her quest to fall in her lifes importance, simultaneously opens her mind to the Chinese culture, thus slowly closing the cultural and generational gap felt between mother and daughter.Before reaching a blissfu l state of certainty, the pastime of a life-altering epiphany, June engaged in destructive fights with her mother, ending in her embarrassment and Suyuans loss of hope. In Two Kinds, the conflict between Suyuan and June culminates after Junes diffused fiasco when she decides she will no long- moveing play. After Suyuans insistent struggle to get June to play the soft, the ultimate communicational barrier is stressed. June shouts done belligerent sobs at her mother, You extremity me to be something that Im not Ill never be the kind of daughter you want me to be Suyuan shouts back in Chinese bellowing, Only 2 kinds of daughters conformable or follow own mind Only one kind of daughter can conk in this house. Obedient kind (Tan 153). These two kinds of daughters suggest Suyuans cultural expectations and customs whichcontributes to the cultural net her shouts in Chinese cause the communicational net, ending with the mother and daughter struggle. June responds with a devastating proclamation, deviation her mother, like her hopes, blowing away like a small brown leaf, thin, brittle, lifeless.As a result of Junes iron-will to assert her individuality, she fails her mother many times in the following years, including at a crab dinner twenty years later in Best Quality. At the beginning of the meal, everyone selects a crab until the last two are left for Suyuan and June. June, thinking it is the best and right thing to do, opts for the worst crab. However, Suyuan insists she take the better of the two crabs I knew I could not refuse thats the way Chinese mothers face they love their children, not through hugs and kisses but with stern offerings of food, June recalls (232). This poignant moment is halted as the generational and cultural conflict between Suyuan and June intensifies during the crab dinner. During the meal, Waverly and June begin to bicker.However, Waverly gets the best of June, embarrassing her in front of her friends and family. Even worse, J une remembers her mother telling Waverly, True, cannot teach demeanor. June not sophisticate like you. Must be born this way. June laments not hardly is she humiliated, but betrayed by her mother (Tan 232). This bitter and oppressive remark strengthens the mother/daughter conflict. There are moments of redemption in both stories, however. In Two Kinds, Suyuan offers the piano June play when she was a child, while in Best Quality, she gives June a jade pendant with a poignant message about her lifes importance. After these offerings many years later, Suyuan and June finally come to an understanding.For Junes thirtieth birthday, Suyuan decides to give her the piano she played as a child in Two Kinds. After their climactic argument at the piano bench, Suyuan never mentions Junes piano lessons again. This lack of communication seals the distance between mother and daughter. Once Suyuan closed the lid to the piano, June reflects the lid not only shut out the dust and misery but her mo thers dreams as well. Many years later, the birthday offer surprises June, feeling the offer was a sign of forgiveness, a tremendous burden removed (Tan 154). Suyuans generous gift opens anunderstanding between herself and her daughter. June takes this offer as a sign of not only forgiveness, but hope for a better relationship with her mother. Hope rekindles as June recalls, after that, every time I saw the piano in my advances living room it made me feel proud, as if it were a shiny trophy I had won (Tan 602).Similarly, Best Quality suggests reconciliation and an opening to Junes general sense of self. For example, upon giving June the jade pendant, Suyuan launches into a heartfelt message, For a long time, I wanted to give you this necklace. See, I wore this on my skin, so when you put it on your skin, then you know my meaning. This is your lifes importance. In this instance, June begins to understand herself, even if she does not fully understand her mothers words. She implies her understanding by reflecting, Although I didnt want to accept it, I felt as if I already swallowed it (235). The mother/daughter relationship mends further when June asks her mother, what if soulfulness else had picked that crab?Her mother smiles and responds with Only you pick that crab. Nobody else take it. I already know this. Everybody else want best quality. But you? You thinking different. Waverly took best quality crab, you took worst. Because you have best quality heart. You have style no one can teach, must be born this way (Tan 234). This powerful, poignant message from mother to daughter mends the generational and cultural gaps poisoning the relationship. Thus, in Two Kinds and Best Quality there is a heal process with understanding but not before a cultural conflict can plague the relationship. ultimately, the communicational and cultural barrier between mother and daughter almost breaks, broadening Junes understanding of her lifes importance and Suyuans hopes.The communicational barrier shatters completely when June reaches an epiphany in Two Kinds. As June begins to see Suyuan in a new light after the subtle offering of the piano as a sign of closure, she is revitalized and mature. After tuning the piano, June begins to play Perfectly Contented, the melody she butchered so many years ago during the talent show fiasco. She then notices Pleading Child next to it. As June recalls, Pleading Child was shorter but slower Perfectly Contented was longer but faster (Tan155). Finally realizing they are two halves of the same song, June becomes wiser. The two halves of the song serve as a metaphor about life to highlight the relationship between mother and daughter (Shen 244). The mother/daughter relationship involves two kinds of phases a phase of barriers and a phase of maturity, understanding and redemption, the key ingredients to destroying cultural and communicational obstacles. Junes epiphany shatters the communicational barrier, as she finally understands full-heartedly she is in another phase of her life, where the good intentions and hopes her mother have for her are real and true.A similar theme is portrayed in Best Quality, where Junes sense of self is truly realized. After her mother dies, she notices her father does not eat well. Without realizing it, she is already making the same dishes her mother used to make for her father. As she cooks the dish, she remembers her mother mentioning how hot things restore the spirit and health (Tan 235). June begins to realize her provision is not only restoring her fathers spirit and health, but the spirit and health of her Chinese personal identity. In essence, she is slowly becoming like her mother, the same woman she resisted for many years.This duality is further accentuated when she hears the tenants upstairs. Even you dont want them, you stuck, her mother says. June finally understands her mothers meaning (Tan 236). Again, not only can she finally understand her mother, she begins to become her mother, feeling the regret of having noisy tenants. Finally, she fully becomes aware of her Chinese identity when she mimics her mothers discontent for the tomcat on her windowsill Get away from there I shout, and sapidity my give on the window three times. But the cat just narrows his eyes, flattens his one ear, and hisses back at me (236). This illustrates Junes moment of awakening. She is truly like her mother as she remembers Suyuans complaints, the same three slaps of the hand and finally, the same hissing as a retort. June recognizes her mothers traits and how they shape her, thus completely bust the cummunicational and cultural barriers between them.As a result of communicational and cultural barriers, June and Suyuan endure a stressful relationship. Although the conflicts between June and Suyuan are bitter and cold, there is a moment of forgiveness and reconciliation. TwoKinds implies without a struggle for identity and understanding, one cannot live the two halves of human experience. Illuminated by her mothers words, June begins to understand her lifes importance and herself as a Chinese-American.Best Quality depicts that understanding and how parental focussing combined with cultural experience can create character and, above all else, identity. Life exists in antitheses and paradoxes. Joy and sorrow, love and hate, pleasure and pain, success and failure, guild and redemption are all inextricably intertwinced as part of the human experience, each making the alternative possible. Tans Two Kinds and Best Quality reveals the human experience through a mother and daughter conflict going through two kinds of phases, a communicational and cultural barrier creating the conflict and the best qualities of ones identity healing a broken relationship.